AI Reports · GovAI (Oxford) · 2026-10-17 · Research paper
AI Regulation Increased Compute Efficiency and the Diffusion of AI Capabilities February 2024 Konstantin Pilz, Lennart Heim, Nicholas Brown Training advanced AI models requires large investments in co
The paper describes "increasing compute efficiency": as hardware gets cheaper and algorithms improve, the cost of training an AI model to a given performance falls over time. It finds that this increases the number of actors who can train such models, while also raising the performance available to each actor. As a result, large compute investors may keep pioneering new capabilities, and governments will need to prepare for a world where dangerous AI capabilities are widely available.